Intra-abdominal torsion of a cryptorchid testicle associated with teratoma in a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): A case report.

Several testicular disorders have been described in rabbits, including neoplasms, cryptorchidism, abscesses, and torsions. Testicular torsion, characterized by rotation of the testicle around its vascular axis, may occur in either a scrotal or intra-abdominal position, leading to ischemia and necrosis, and is considered an acute condition requiring surgical intervention. The present study describes the case of a 13-month-old male rabbit presenting with abdominal pain and increased volume in the hypogastric region, with only one testicle identified within the scrotal sac. Ultrasonographic examination revealed an ectopic right testicle containing cystic structures, consistent with a cystic neoplasm. Based on the clinical and imaging findings, an exploratory laparotomy was performed, revealing an intra-abdominal testicle with cystic areas, extensive necrosis, and torsion of the spermatic cord, followed by surgical removal. Histopathological evaluation revealed a neoplasm composed of tissues differentiated toward multiple primordial germ layers, consistent with a teratoma. This report highlights the rare association between abdominal cryptorchidism, cystic testicular teratoma, and spermatic cord torsion in a pet rabbit, emphasizing that this association should be considered in rabbits presenting with abdominal pain and intra-abdominal enlargement.