Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026
Gait and balance outcomes of group-based music therapy, physiotherapy, and simplified dance training in patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Pedak Kirsti, Toomsoo Toomas, Rannama Indrek, de Magalhaes Cardoso de Oliveira Margato Maria Ines, Pehk Alice
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: To compare the effects of group-based music therapy, physiotherapy, and simplified dance training on gait, balance, and lower limb force production in individuals with moderate Parkinson's disease.
METHODS: Forty-eight participants (Hoehn & Yahr stages 2.0-3.0) were randomly allocated to music therapy (n = 14), physiotherapy (n = 14), simplified dance training (n = 10), or control (n = 10). All active groups completed two 60-minute group sessions per week for eight weeks. Outcome measures included static balance assessed via force-plate Centre of Pressure (CoP) metrics, the Five Times Sit-to-Stand test (5STS), and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) with OptoJump gait analysis. Between-group differences were analyzed using baseline-adjusted analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate correction applied within each outcome family.
RESULTS: Significant baseline-adjusted between-group effects were observed. Physiotherapy showed a lower adjusted center-of-pressure sway area than control (53% lower, q = 0.027) and lower weight-distribution asymmetry (62% lower, q = 0.050). Both music therapy and simplified dance training had shorter adjusted five-times sit-to-stand times than control (25% and 26% shorter, q = 0.036), with no between-group differences in peak force or rate of force development. All three interventions had shorter adjusted Timed Up and Go times than control (q = 0.005), the largest difference in simplified dance training (-2.5 s); simplified dance training alone had a shorter adjusted turning time than control (q = 0.047), and music therapy alone had a lower adjusted double support time (q = 0.030).
DISCUSSION: Each modality produced a distinct, modality-specific pattern of benefit. Physiotherapy improved static postural control and weight-bearing symmetry; both music therapy and simplified dance training improved sit-to-stand performance; and all three improved overall mobility, with the greatest gains in dance training for gait and turning. These findings support a personalized, potentially multimodal approach to Parkinson's disease rehabilitation. The study was registered retrospectively in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (Registration No. DRKS00039213). All participants provided written informed consent.
METHODS: Forty-eight participants (Hoehn & Yahr stages 2.0-3.0) were randomly allocated to music therapy (n = 14), physiotherapy (n = 14), simplified dance training (n = 10), or control (n = 10). All active groups completed two 60-minute group sessions per week for eight weeks. Outcome measures included static balance assessed via force-plate Centre of Pressure (CoP) metrics, the Five Times Sit-to-Stand test (5STS), and the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) with OptoJump gait analysis. Between-group differences were analyzed using baseline-adjusted analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), with Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate correction applied within each outcome family.
RESULTS: Significant baseline-adjusted between-group effects were observed. Physiotherapy showed a lower adjusted center-of-pressure sway area than control (53% lower, q = 0.027) and lower weight-distribution asymmetry (62% lower, q = 0.050). Both music therapy and simplified dance training had shorter adjusted five-times sit-to-stand times than control (25% and 26% shorter, q = 0.036), with no between-group differences in peak force or rate of force development. All three interventions had shorter adjusted Timed Up and Go times than control (q = 0.005), the largest difference in simplified dance training (-2.5 s); simplified dance training alone had a shorter adjusted turning time than control (q = 0.047), and music therapy alone had a lower adjusted double support time (q = 0.030).
DISCUSSION: Each modality produced a distinct, modality-specific pattern of benefit. Physiotherapy improved static postural control and weight-bearing symmetry; both music therapy and simplified dance training improved sit-to-stand performance; and all three improved overall mobility, with the greatest gains in dance training for gait and turning. These findings support a personalized, potentially multimodal approach to Parkinson's disease rehabilitation. The study was registered retrospectively in the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (Registration No. DRKS00039213). All participants provided written informed consent.