Removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes from swine wastewater by visible-light driven photo bio-electro-Fenton system: Performance, mechanism, and energy self-supply balance.

The residues of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in swine wastewater pose a significant risk to human health. In this work, the distribution of antibiotics and ARGs in actual swine wastewater was detected. The removal of antibiotics and ARGs in actual swine wastewater by the photo bio-electro-Fenton (PBEF) with the FeMn-LDH/g-C3N4/MoS2 cathode was investigated. The performance, mechanism, and energy self-balance of PBEF were well discussed. The results showed that 8 types of antibiotics were detected in 44 types of testing antibiotics in swine wastewater. 5 categories of ARGs, including tetracyclines ARGs, sulfonamides ARGs, macrolides ARGs, quinolones ARGs, and integrase gene, were detected in swine wastewater. The removal efficiency was 78.8 %-100 % and 74.9 %-94.7 % for antibiotics and ARGs, respectively. Moreover, the energy generated by PBEF can theoretically meet its own energy requirements. This work provided a promising green technology in removing antibiotics and ARGs from livestock wastewater by PBEF.