Cytogenetic analysis of unfertilized human oocytes.

Cytogenetic studies were carried out on 180 oocytes that appeared unfertilized after in-vitro fertilization. The majority of the 135 that were informative had grossly haploid second meiotic metaphases, two were grossly diploid, and five had a variety of different abnormalities. Twenty-one oocytes were abnormally fertilized and included prematurely condensed sperm chromosomes. The frequency of this phenomenon varied according to the stimulation protocol, those oocytes maturing longer in vivo showing less propensity to abnormal fertilizations. Thirteen per cent of the analysable haploid metaphases were hyperhaploid but none contained extra whole chromosomes. The extra components were a single chromatid (one case), or two single chromatids replacing a whole chromosome (four cases). The data suggest that the chromatids arose as a result of premature centromere division at meiosis I, and that this may be a major mechanism for trisomy formation rather than non-disjunction of whole bivalents at meiosis I, as generally believed.