Female urethral diverticula.

Most urethral diverticula should be diagnosed on clinical grounds alone, but investigations may be used to confirm the diagnosis in difficult cases, delineate the extent of the disease and investigate other entities such as stress incontinence. A high index of suspicion is required when assessing women with lower urinary tract symptoms to ensure that cases of urethral diverticulum are not missed. The cases presented demonstrate that greater awareness of the signs and symptoms of this not uncommon disease may facilitate early diagnosis. Our cases also show that surgical treatment is effective and worthwhile.