Frontiers in psychology · 2026
A latent profile analysis and network analysis of comorbidity of depression and anxiety in left-behind adolescents.
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Wang Junying, Jia Ning
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Depression and anxiety are highly prevalent and often co-occurring mental health issues among adolescents, with comorbidity leading to poorer outcomes and additional challenges. Left-behind adolescents-a unique group experiencing disrupted parent-child relationships and limited social support-may face a higher risk of such comorbidity. Yet, few studies have examined the depression-anxiety network in this population.
OBJECTIVE: Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified subgroups with similar symptom patterns, and network analysis visualized the structure of comorbidities. Network comparison tests evaluated differences across subgroups.
METHODS: Based on the "Science Database of People Mental Health" managed by the National Population Health Data Center (China), a total of 3,205 left-behind adolescents (1,538 males; 1,667 females) were included. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 were used to assess depression and anxiety among left-behind adolescents.
RESULTS: Three distinct profiles were identified: high-comorbidity (8.2%), moderate-comorbidity (28.7%), and low-comorbidity (63.1%). Network structures and global strength differed significantly between subgroups. "Restlessness" was the central bridge symptom in the high-comorbidity group, while "Nervousness" was central in the moderate- and low-comorbidity groups.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest tailored interventions targeting subgroup-specific bridge symptoms-such as restlessness or nervousness-may improve outcomes for left-behind adolescents with comorbid depression and anxiety.
OBJECTIVE: Latent profile analysis (LPA) identified subgroups with similar symptom patterns, and network analysis visualized the structure of comorbidities. Network comparison tests evaluated differences across subgroups.
METHODS: Based on the "Science Database of People Mental Health" managed by the National Population Health Data Center (China), a total of 3,205 left-behind adolescents (1,538 males; 1,667 females) were included. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 were used to assess depression and anxiety among left-behind adolescents.
RESULTS: Three distinct profiles were identified: high-comorbidity (8.2%), moderate-comorbidity (28.7%), and low-comorbidity (63.1%). Network structures and global strength differed significantly between subgroups. "Restlessness" was the central bridge symptom in the high-comorbidity group, while "Nervousness" was central in the moderate- and low-comorbidity groups.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest tailored interventions targeting subgroup-specific bridge symptoms-such as restlessness or nervousness-may improve outcomes for left-behind adolescents with comorbid depression and anxiety.