Revision of the Chinese species of the genus Brachyponera Emery, 1900 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), with a key to the world species of the genus.

The species of the ant genus Brachyponera Emery, 1900 are reviewed based on the morphological characters of the worker caste. Brachyponeratianzun (Terayama, 2009) is transferred to Euponera as Euponeratianzun (Terayama, 2009), comb. nov. Four new species, B.paraarcuata sp. nov., B.xui sp. nov., B.candida sp. nov., and B.myops sp. nov., are described from China based on the worker caste. Phylogenetic trees were constructed for eight known and four new species, and genetic distances were calculated. High-resolution images of B.batak (Yamane, 2007), B.flavipes (Yamane, 2007), B.nakasujii (Yashiro et al., 2010), B.pilidorsalis (Yamane, 2007), B.wallacea (Yamane, 2007), and B.brevidorsa Xu, 1994 are provided. Keys are provided to both the eight species groups and 23 known species of the world based on the worker caste.