Synergistic application of PEC-OPECT-CL multimodal biosensing and photocatalytic sterilization based on hollow tubular Bi12O17Cl2/In2O3Z-scheme heterojunction for Vibrio parahaemolyticus.

Developing an integrated platform capable of achieving highly sensitive detection and effective sterilization is of great importance for food safety monitoring. Therefore, this study developed independent detection and sterilization modules, providing a comprehensive solution for the "detection-control" of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus). For detection, a multimodal biosensing platform based on photoelectrochemical (PEC)-organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT)-colorimetric (CL) biosensors were developed. For PEC and OPECT detection, Bi12O17Cl2/In2O3Z-Scheme heterojunction was selected as photoactive material and CdS quantum dots (QDs) were employed as signal amplification unit due to the matched energy band structure. To further intensify the signal, the PEC and OPECT biosensors incorporated nucleic acid isothermal amplification technology via DNA polymerase and nickase to yield abundant dendritic DNA to form DNA trees for capturing numbers of CdS QDs. For CL detection, the introduced CdS QDs also function as color quenchers, which reduced the blue solution generated by Bi12O17Cl2/In2O3-catalyzed 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine oxidation. Moreover, Bi12O17Cl2/In2O3 composite with appropriate band structure exhibited excellent photocatalytic inactivation towards V. parahaemolyticus, attributing to the generation of reactive oxygen species under visible light. This strategy offers a novel approach for multimodal detection and simultaneous control of foodborne pathogens, which demonstrated the broad application prospects in food safety and environmental monitoring.