[Apophyseal avulsions of the pelvis and proximal femur].

Avulsion fractures of the pelvic and proximal femoral apophyseal centres are not uncommonly seen in adolescent athletes engaged in vigorous sports. They are the result of strong or uncoordinated muscular traction, and are the equivalents of muscle or tendon pulls in mature athletes. They are particularly seen in athletics, soccer, rugby, ice hockey and break dance. They involve the anterior third of the iliac crest, the anterior iliac spines, the tuber ischiadicum, the symphysis pubis and the trochanter minor. The radiographic and clinical diagnosis, symptoms and signs, treatment and prognosis are well described in the orthopaedic literature and this literature is evaluated here. The fractures are easily and almost exclusively treated conservatively, and will only in a few cases result in a lasting functional disability.