Case Report: Perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex with secondary fundus hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND

Perifoveal exudative vascular anomalous complex (PEVAC) is a rare macular disorder characterized by isolated, circular aneurysmal lesions surrounding the fovea centralis, typically occurring in otherwise healthy patients without retinal inflammation or vascular abnormalities. This study aimed to highlight a rare case of PEVAC with secondary fundus hemorrhage.

CASE PRESENTATION: This study reports the case of a 44-year-old Chinese woman with PEVAC complicated by secondary fundus hemorrhage. The PEVAC diagnosis was confirmed through fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. After intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment, the patient experienced marked improvement in visual acuity, reaching 20/20.

CONCLUSION

The case presented in this study underscores that PEVAC may lead to the rupture and hemorrhage of secondary lesions. Gradual improvement in the patient's vision was achieved through intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. This study found that the menstrual cycle in women may influence disease progression. However, the relationship between the menstrual cycle and disease progression remains unclear.