Advancements in Ventilation During Cardiac Resuscitation.

Effective ventilation during cardiac arrest is vital for maintaining oxygenation and gas exchange, yet both hyperventilation and hypoventilation pose significant risks, including lung injury and neurologic damage. Current guidelines recommend specific ventilation volumes and rates, but evidence supporting these targets is limited, and actual practices often deviate, potentially impacting outcomes. Research challenges, such as the chaotic out-of-hospital setting, measurement inaccuracies, and patient heterogeneity, complicate the development of optimal strategies. Emerging technologies like real-time ventilation feedback devices and capnography offer promising avenues to improve ventilation quality, although their direct impact on survival and neurologic recovery remains unclear.