Prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its association with fertility quality of life among infertile men in Henan, China.

ABSTRACT: Infertility is a global public health issue, with male factors contributing to about 50% of cases. Yet, studies on fertility quality of life (FertiQoL), sexual dysfunction (SD), and their interconnection remain understudied in China, especially in Henan Province. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of SD, measure FertiQoL, and examine their association among infertile men in Henan. A cross-sectional study was conducted among infertile men aged 18-54 years, recruited via quota and purposive sampling. Validated instruments such as the FertiQoL and the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX) were used. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and multivariable regression analysis. A total of 319 participants completed the survey. Overall, 69.9% had poor FertiQoL, and 24.8% experienced severe SD. The mean overall FertiQoL score was 33.5 ± 24.4, with similar mean scores across the emotional (33.8 ± 24.9), social (34.3 ± 26.0), and treatment-related (32.5-33.8) domains. Severe SD was independently associated with poor FertiQoL (AOR = 4.34, 95% CI = 2.37-7.97). Longer infertility duration (>10 years), middle age (35-44 years), and ART failure were also independently associated with poor FertiQoL. SD and poor FertiQoL are prevalent among infertile men in Henan, with all FertiQoL domains markedly affected. This study fills regional data gaps and highlights the need for targeted psychosocial screening and interventions in infertility care. Addressing sexual health and emotional support may improve the overall quality of life and treatment outcomes for infertile men in Henan.

LAY SUMMARY: This study shows that sexual problems significantly affect the quality of life in infertile men, highlighting the need for comprehensive support beyond medical treatment.