Five undescribed compounds isolated from Gerbera delavayi with their anti-inflammatory activity.

Five undescribed compounds were isolated from a 50% ethanol extract of the whole herb of Gerbera delavayi Franch., including one unprecedented skeleton compound comprised of 5-methylcoumarin meroterpenoid (1), two 5-methylcoumarin derivatives (2 and 3), one lignan (4), and one benzofuran derivative (5). Their structures and absolute configurations were characterized by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data, including 1D NMR, 2D NMR, IR, UV spectra, HRESIMS data, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Meanwhile, a plausible biosynthetic pathway for compound 1 was proposed. The anti-inflammatory activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated by measuring their inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse monocyte-macrophages. Among these compounds, 1, 3, and 4 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity on NO generation, with IC50 values of 10.61 ± 0.40, 22.79 ± 0.38, and 1.80 ± 0.41 μM, respectively.