Care practices and outcomes of extremely preterm neonates born at 22-24 weeks - A single centre experience.

BACKGROUND

Wide variation in the care practices and survival rates of neonates born at peri-viable gestational ages of 22+0 - 24+6 weeks. This study elucidates the postnatal risk factors for morbidity/mortality, contrasts the care practices and short-term outcomes of this vulnerable group of preterm neonates from a single center with others.

METHODS

Retrospective study of neonates born at 22+0 -24+6 weeks in a level 3 neonatal intensive care unit in UK, over a period of 4 years (2016-2019).

RESULTS

94 neonates given active care were studied. Survival until discharge was 51.1%(22-23 wks -44%, 24 wks -59.1%) and survival with no major brain injury (MBI) [grade III/IV IVH, cystic periventricular leukomalacia] was 38.3%(22-23 wks -32%, 24 wks -45.4%). Of those who survived until discharge, 75%had no MBI (22-23 wks -72.7%, 24 wks -76.9%). Neonates requiring significant respiratory support within first 72 hours as well as needing rescue high frequency ventilation had significantly high risk of mortality or MBI [aOR -7.17 (2.24-25.79), p = 0.00; 4.76 (1.43-20.00), p = 0.01].

CONCLUSIONS

Survival rate differed from other centres. MBI was low amongst survivors. Severe respiratory disease in the initial days was associated with a higher risk of death or MBI.