Association of Anaemia With Higher Mortality and Disability After Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: A Single-Centre Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND

Critical care management in subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) aims to facilitate neuroprotection and prevent secondary neurological insults. Anaemia after SAH leads to reduced cerebral oxygen delivery and poor outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between anaemia and mortality and morbidity outcomes in patients with SAH in tertiary centres, as well as evaluate the impact of blood transfusions on outcomes in anaemic SAH patients.

Methods

We performed a retrospective study of 987 patients with SAH at a tertiary neurocritical care centre between September 2016 and September 2018. Data were collected on baseline characteristics, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies SAH grade, secondary insults such as anaemia and hydrocephalus, and units of blood transfused. The primary outcome was to investigate the correlation between anaemia and 28-day Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) score. Secondary outcomes were delayed neurological deficits, length of stay and death in the intensive care unit (ICU). Anaemia was defined as haemoglobin (Hb) ≤ 95 g/L, and severe anaemia as Hb≤80 g/L.

Results

Of the patients, 28.7% had anaemia and 12% had severe anaemia. Anaemia after SAH was associated with an increased risk of death or severe disability (p<0.001), worse survival outcomes (p<0.001) and increased length of stay in ICU (p<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

Anaemia after SAH is associated with a significant increase in mortality and morbidity and should be monitored closely and corrected.