Associations among state-trait anxiety, resilience, and health-related quality of life in patients with dentofacial deformities: a prospective study.

BACKGROUND

This study evaluates resilience changes in dentofacial deformities patients pre- and post-orthognathic surgery, exploring correlations with anxiety and quality of life to identify high postoperative anxiety risk index.

METHODS

Data were collected from 96 adults with dentofacial deformities who were undergoing orthognathic surgery at four time points: preoperatively (T1), and at two weeks(T2), three months(T3), and six months(T4) postoperatively, Psychological status and disease-specific quality of life were assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis combined with logistic regression was used to identify preoperative factors associated with elevated postoperative anxiety.

RESULTS

Pearson correlation analysis indicated that resilience was negatively correlated with state and trait anxiety levels across all four stages (p < 0.01), as well as between preoperative resilience and state-trait anxiety across all postoperative stages (p < 0.01).Additionally, the multiplicative interaction between resilience and trait anxiety statistically significant impacted quality of life scores at T4 (B = 0.02, t = 2.28, p = 0.03).The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale demonstrated effectiveness in screening patients with high anxiety level after surgery〔95% CI, two weeks 0.75(0.61,0.90), three months 0.71(0.57,0.86), and six months 0.74 (0.59,0.89), p < 0.01〕, with corresponding cut-off values of 24.5, 26.5, and 26.5, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Resilience may help alleviate trait anxiety to enhance quality of life. Furthermore, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale shows potential as a preliminary preoperative screening aid for identifying patients at risk of high postoperative state-trait anxiety levels.