Dysphanosides A-E, five new 13α-malabaricane saponins from Dysphania ambrosioides and their nitric oxide inhibitory activity.

Five new 13α-malabaricane saponins, named dysphanosides A-E (1-5), were isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial parts of Dysphania ambrosioides. Their chemical structures were elucidated through comprehensive analyses of HR-ESI-MS, one-dimensional and two-dimensional NMR spectra, as well as by experimental and theoretical calculations of ECD spectra. Compounds 1-5 exhibited moderate inhibitory activity against nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, with the IC50 values ranging from 58.86 ± 3.01 to 77.09 ± 2.46 µM.