Exploring sports-related concussion awareness and response amongst teenage grassroots soccer players in the UK: a qualitative study.

BACKGROUND

This study examines sports-related concussions (SRC) experiences, beliefs, and behaviors among male and female teenage grassroots soccer players in the UK, focusing on how these are shaped by interpersonal and mediated relations with coaches, parents, and peers.

METHODS

A cross-sectional cohort study informed by interpretivist epistemology and qualitative research design. Data collection involved focus groups, using a topic guide covering SRC knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and reporting intentions. Focus group sessions were conducted between July 2023 and April 2024. Participants were enrolled through convenience and snowball sampling at a single grassroots soccer club in the UK. Three cohorts of male participants (N.=15) and one cohort of female participants (N.=5) participated in three focus groups each. The 12 focus groups were held at the grassroots soccer academy with the club welfare officer present. Sessions were digitally recorded, transcribed, and analyZed using a framework analysis model.

RESULTS

Participants identified and recognized many symptoms associated with SRC, though knowledge was mainly acquired through informal channels (e.g., the media). However, this understanding did not lead to safety-related behavior changes, with significant non-compliance observed among players, parents, and coaches.

CONCLUSIONS

Effective SRC management requires tailored education programs to overcome barriers and promote safety within grassroots youth soccer. Addressing gender norms and enhancing education can foster a culture of support and accountability, safeguarding the well-being of young athletes. There is a need for better awareness and more precautionary behaviors among all stakeholders in grassroots soccer.