[Screening and management of the maternal and congenital toxoplasmosis in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso].

UNLABELLED: The objectives of this prospective study, conducted from November 2011 to July 2013, in Bobo-Dioulasso were to evaluate seroprevalence of toxoplasma infection and to screen for maternal and congenital toxoplasmosis during pergravidic monitoring.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

Techniques of High Sensitivity Direct Agglutination (HSDA) and Enzyme Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) were used for the detection of IgG and IgM toxoplasma respectively. The IgG avidity assay was used for the dating of seroconversion. Screening and monitoring for fetal lesions were echographic. In case of seroconversion, a prenatal treatment with pyrimethamine and sulphonamide was introduced. Systematically and regularly immunoassay surveillance of newborn from cases of recent pergravidic toxoplasmosis was performed until complete and final negativity of serology.

RESULTS

In total 301 pregnant women were included. The overall seroprevalence was 31.9%. Three cases of seroconversion (0.9%) including two cases at the 22nd and one at the 41th week of amenorrhea were noted. Series of obstetrical echography have detected no case of fetal Toxoplasma gondii infection and no congenital toxoplasmosis was detected.

CONCLUSION

This study underlines the importance of implementation of a legal disposition for screening and routine monitoring of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy. This is due to the low rate (31.9%) of toxoplasma immunity among gestante in Burkina Faso that may lead to pergravidic acute toxoplasmosis or congenital toxoplasmosis whose outcome is often fatal.