Histology of gastric biopsies from peptic ulcer patients before and after short-term treatment with omeprazole or H2-receptor antagonists.

Sixty patients with duodenal or prepyloric ulcers were given omeprazole (30 or 40 mg o.m.; average period of treatment: 2.9 weeks) or histamine H2-receptor antagonists (cimetidine 400 mg b.i.d. or ranitidine 150 mg b.i.d.; average period of treatment; 3.5 weeks) for a single period ranging between 2 and 6 weeks. At the end of the treatment period fasting plasma gastrin levels were moderately increased in both groups in comparison with the pretreatment values. Endoscopic biopsies were taken from the oxyntic mucosa at the beginning and at the end of the treatment period. Light microscopy of the biopsies was aimed particularly at determining the number of endocrine cells. In addition, the mucosal thickness and the volume densities of the parietal cells, the lamina propria and the gland lumina were measured. There were no significant differences in the endocrine or parietal cell populations, between biopsies taken from the patients before and after treatment with omeprazole or histamine H2-receptor antagonists. The mucosal thickness and the densities of the lamina propria and of the gland lumina remained unaffected by the treatment.