[Modern therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (literature review).].

The article analyzes contemporary literature data on standard and alternative therapeutic methods for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main approaches currently include the use of cholinesterase inhibitors and NMDA receptor antagonists, which help slow disease progression and improve patients' quality of life. Due to their insufficient effectiveness, there is a search for new treatment methods based on the connection between AD and other conditions. This article will examine the cross-mechanisms of pathogenesis linking type 2 diabetes and AD, as well as analyze new therapeutic approaches, including intranasal insulin administration and the use of insulin sensitizers. Neurodegenerative processes, including AD, are based on a violation of intracellular calcium metabolism, which suggested the potential efficiency of calcium channel blocker drugs currently used in the treatment of arterial hypertension. Key hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of AD include the amyloid hypothesis, based on the accumulation of beta-amyloid, and the tau hypothesis, related to hyperphosphorylated tau protein aggregation. Alternative mechanisms such as neuroinflammation are also discussed. In this context, an innovative method for treating AD is immunotherapy, aimed at eliminating beta-amyloid that causes neurodegeneration. Thus, the necessity for integrating various hypotheses for a more comprehensive understanding of pathology and developing effective therapeutic strategies is emphasized. The article highlights the importance of further research in this field.