Open veterinary journal · 2026
Immune and biochemical evaluation of a live attenuated lumpy skin disease vaccine in cattle.
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Tippramuan Pummarin, Nongbua Thanapol, Aengwanich Worapol, Promsatit Satitpong, Srinontong Piyarat
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Vaccination remains one of the most effective strategies to control infectious diseases in cattle, and early immune response evaluation is essential for understanding initial vaccine-induced immune activation.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate hematological and biochemical parameters, cytokine expression, including Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and antibody titers in cattle following administration of a live attenuated Neethling lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) vaccine.
METHODS: Cattle were divided into two groups: i) 14 healthy, unvaccinated cattle (control group) and ii) 21 cattle vaccinated subcutaneously with the Neethling LSDV vaccine. Hematological and biochemical profiles, cytokine gene expression, and LSDV-specific antibody titers were measured 14 days after vaccination.
RESULTS: Vaccinated cattle showed significantly higher lymphocyte counts and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels than unvaccinated controls (p < 0.05). IFN-γ gene expression was upregulated 1.9-fold in vaccinated cattle (p < 0.05). LSDV-specific antibody titers were significantly higher in vaccinated cattle; however, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay sample-to-positive (S/P) values remained below the diagnostic cutoff value at 14 days post-vaccination.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that 14 days after vaccination, cattle exhibit increased lymphocyte activity and IFN-γ expression, consistent with an early cellular immune response, although elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase levels may reflect mild physiological stress associated with early vaccine response.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate hematological and biochemical parameters, cytokine expression, including Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and antibody titers in cattle following administration of a live attenuated Neethling lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) vaccine.
METHODS: Cattle were divided into two groups: i) 14 healthy, unvaccinated cattle (control group) and ii) 21 cattle vaccinated subcutaneously with the Neethling LSDV vaccine. Hematological and biochemical profiles, cytokine gene expression, and LSDV-specific antibody titers were measured 14 days after vaccination.
RESULTS: Vaccinated cattle showed significantly higher lymphocyte counts and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels than unvaccinated controls (p < 0.05). IFN-γ gene expression was upregulated 1.9-fold in vaccinated cattle (p < 0.05). LSDV-specific antibody titers were significantly higher in vaccinated cattle; however, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay sample-to-positive (S/P) values remained below the diagnostic cutoff value at 14 days post-vaccination.
CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that 14 days after vaccination, cattle exhibit increased lymphocyte activity and IFN-γ expression, consistent with an early cellular immune response, although elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase levels may reflect mild physiological stress associated with early vaccine response.