Group-based aquatic exercise for adolescents with down syndrome; a pilot study.

PURPOSE: Adolescents with Down syndrome (ADS) have reduced physical activity (PA) levels compared to peers. Aquatic exercise may appeal to ADS because the aquatic environment allows for increased ease of movement and mobility. However, research surrounding group-based aquatic exercise programs for ADS is limited. The purpose of the study was to investigate the safety, feasibility, and preliminary outcomes of group-based aquatic exercise for ADS.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Nine ADS, participated in a twice-weekly, one-hour group-based aquatic exercise class over eight weeks. Safety was assessed via heart rate monitoring and critical incidents. Feasibility was assessed through program adherence and parent perception of convenience. Outcome measures included the timed up-and-go test (TUG), five-repetition sit-to-stand test (FRSTST), six-minute walk test (6MWT), pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL TM), and a parent satisfaction survey. Scores were compared with pre- and post-intervention and at 4-week follow-up.

RESULTS

There were no critical safety incidents. Program adherence was > 85%. Improvements in the 6MWT and the PedsQL TM were found (p < .017). Improvements exceeding the minimal detectable change were obtained for the 6MWT, TUG, FRSTST, and PedsQL TM. Parent satisfaction was high.

CONCLUSION

Group-based aquatic exercise may provide a safe, feasible and effective alternative to PA in ADS.