Umbilical cord plasma interferon-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and interferon-induced T-cell alpha chemoattractant (ITAC) levels are lower in women with severe preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND

Higher 1st trimester maternal serum levels of interferon-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and interferon inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant (ITAC) are reported in gestations complicated with preeclampsia. However, parallel results in the fetal circulation are lacking.

OBJECTIVE

To compare IP-10 and ITAC levels in neonatal cord blood from gestations complicated by severe preeclampsia vs. gestational age-matched controls.

METHOD: Umbilical cord vessels were sampled following delivery of women with severe preeclampsia (n=30) ≥36 weeks to measure plasma IP-10 and ITAC levels and compared to corresponding controls matched for parity as well as maternal and gestational age. Chemokines were measured by specific ELISAs and expressed as pg/mL. Rho Spearman's coefficients were calculated to establish correlations between chemokine values and various numeric variables.

RESULTS

Preeclamptic cases displayed significantly lower median plasma umbilical artery and vein levels of both chemokines when compared to controls (IP-10: 23.4 vs. 31.4 and 2.0 vs. 24.6 pg/mL, P<0.05; and ITAC: 2.0 vs. 13.9 and 11.9 vs. 31.6 pg/mL, P<0.05, in artery and vein, respectively). There was a significant correlation between levels of both chemokines (r2=0.616, P=0.0001), but not with other variables.

CONCLUSION

In contrast to elevated 1st trimester levels of IP-10 previously found in the maternal serum of women who later developed preeclampsia, this study found lower umbilical cord IP-10 and ITAC plasma levels in near-term gestations with established severe preeclampsia.