Highly amphiphilicity-tailorable pineapple-like janus nanozymes with superior kinematic locomotion facilitates biphasic chemiluminescence analysis.

BACKGROUND

Due to ideal stability, ease of preparation and high cost efficiency, nanozymes have been adopted as the substitutes of natural enzymes in homogeneous catalysis. However, the application of nanozymes was restricted caused by unsatisfactory emulsifying ability in heterogeneous catalysis. Albeit some asymmetric structures on Janus nanozymes are proposed for biphasic catalysis, the precise tuning of their amphiphilicity poses significant challenges especially through one-step self-assembly protocols.

RESULTS

Herein, a facile controlled self-assemble protocol is developed to circumvent the utilization of the monophasic sphere as the beginner of Janus nanostructures. Pineapple-like Janus supports can be acquired by the simultaneous polymerization of resorcinol-formaldehyde resins and mesoporous SiO2 nanoparticles. Through the subtle alteration of dual precursors, the accurate tuning of asymmetric proportion allows for the tailorable amphiphilicity of Janus supports. By efficiently anchoring active Ce moieties onto Janus supports, asymmetric Ce@Janus nanozyme possesses superior kinematic locomotion and improved emulsion stabilization ability for dramatically boosting biphasic catalysis. Compared with monophasic nanozymes, Ce@Janus nanozyme with increased active sites and enhanced substrate affinity facilitates the biphasic chemiluminescent enhancement for the precise supervision of fentanyl with the detection limit of 0.47 pg·mL-1, by utilizing CDP-Star chemiluminescent reaction as a mode biphasic system.

SIGNIFICANCE: Moreover, the universality of the Janus support for biphasic nanozymes is demonstrated by the successful loading of a series of active metal sites including Pt, Cu, and Au for pressure sensing, colorimetric assay and photothermal analysis. The principle-of-proof work opens an avenue for the facile regulation of amphiphilic asymmetric nanozymes, which contributes to the intriguing biphasic catalysis efficiency for trace analysis.