Perioperative Considerations for Medications for Opioid Use Disorder: Buprenorphine, Methadone, or Naltrexone.

The opioid crisis in the United States continues, with over 80,000 opioid-related deaths in 2022 and a treatment gap continues to exist for opioid use disorder (OUD). Medications for OUD (MOUD)-including methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone-are life-saving but require special perioperative considerations. Understanding MOUD pharmacology, dosing, and perioperative strategies is essential for clinicians to manage OUD patients safely during surgery and improve treatment outcomes.