Studies on HBcAg-rBlo t 5-21 Fusion Protein Vaccine That Alleviates Blomia tropicalis Airway Inflammation.

BACKGROUND

In tropical and subtropical areas, allergens from the dust mite species Blomia tropicalis are common causes of allergic rhinitis and asthma. Blomia tropicalis has two main allergens: Blo t 5 and Blo t 21.

AIM: To generate a chimeric virus-like particle containing HBcAg, Blo t 5 and Blo t 21 that can treat allergies caused by Blomia tropicalis.

METHODS

To produce allergic asthma in mice, prokaryotic expression and purification of Blomia tropicalis allergens rBlo t 5, rBlo t 21, and recombinant fusion allergen rBlo t 5-21 were utilized in the study. We created a hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) and rBlo t 5-21 fusion prokaryotic expression plasmid. HBcAg-rBlo t 5-21 was purified after expression and tested by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Furthermore, the protein HBcAg-rBlo t 5-21 was employed as a protein vaccination.

RESULTS

In allergy-induced mouse model experiments, the fusion allergen rBlo t 5-21 was more effective than the individual allergens rBlo t 5 and rBlo t 21 at inducing allergy. We found that vaccinating allergic mice with the recombinant fusion protein vaccine HBcAg-rBlo t 5-21 alleviated allergy symptoms elicited by the rBlo t 5-21 allergen. Vaccination with HBcAg-rBlo t 5-21 resulted in a decrease in total serum IgE levels, suppression of anaphylaxis, and reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration into lung tissue as compared to the PBS group.

CONCLUSION

HBcAg-rBlo t 5-21, a protein vaccine containing both the hepatitis B core antigen and the Blomia tropicalis fusion allergen rBlo t 5-21, could be a suitable vaccination for preventing allergy disorders caused by Blomia tropicalis.