Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026
Integrative metabolomics and molecular networking reveal the progressive metabolic continuum of resin formation in Dracaena cochinchinensis wood.
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Chen Meijia, Cui Yunfei, Su Jinhua, Ren Jiahui, Zhu Yu, Wang Jinhui, Li Guang
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: The resinification of Dracaena cochinchinensis wood represents a sophisticated physiological reprogramming triggered by environmental stress, culminating in the production of the high-value "dragon's blood" resin.
METHODS: In this study, we systematically characterized the chemical space of three representative wood morphotypes-hollow cork cambium (P), whole-body resin-containing (MZ), and resin-secreting aggregated (LZ)-to decipher the molecular mechanisms underpinning resinogenesis within the xylem matrix. Integrating UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS with Feature-Based Molecular Networking (FBMN), we overcame annotation bottlenecks inherent in complex woody tissues and successfully annotated 299 specialized metabolites, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, steroids, and lipids.
RESULTS: Multivariate statistical analysis revealed significant metabolic shifts across these wood morphotypes, reflecting distinct biological strategies: the P form prioritized phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (e.g., sinapyl alcohol and coniferaldehyde) for structural barrier reinforcement of the wood cell walls; the MZ morphotype accumulated steroids and fatty acids to maintain membrane integrity during chronic adaptation; and the LZ morphotype exhibited a defensive burst of flavonoids and terpenoids, typical of acute stress responses.
DISCUSSION: Collectively, these findings support a putative "progressive metabolic continuum" model (P→MZ→LZ), illustrating a hypothesized metabolic gradient and a dynamic shift in resource allocation from physical repair to chronic adaptation and finally to acute chemical defense. This study provides a comprehensive phytochemical framework for understanding specialized metabolite mobilization in resinous wood and establishes an efficient metabolomic workflow for the quality evaluation and sustainable utilization of woody medicinal resources.
METHODS: In this study, we systematically characterized the chemical space of three representative wood morphotypes-hollow cork cambium (P), whole-body resin-containing (MZ), and resin-secreting aggregated (LZ)-to decipher the molecular mechanisms underpinning resinogenesis within the xylem matrix. Integrating UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS with Feature-Based Molecular Networking (FBMN), we overcame annotation bottlenecks inherent in complex woody tissues and successfully annotated 299 specialized metabolites, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, steroids, and lipids.
RESULTS: Multivariate statistical analysis revealed significant metabolic shifts across these wood morphotypes, reflecting distinct biological strategies: the P form prioritized phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (e.g., sinapyl alcohol and coniferaldehyde) for structural barrier reinforcement of the wood cell walls; the MZ morphotype accumulated steroids and fatty acids to maintain membrane integrity during chronic adaptation; and the LZ morphotype exhibited a defensive burst of flavonoids and terpenoids, typical of acute stress responses.
DISCUSSION: Collectively, these findings support a putative "progressive metabolic continuum" model (P→MZ→LZ), illustrating a hypothesized metabolic gradient and a dynamic shift in resource allocation from physical repair to chronic adaptation and finally to acute chemical defense. This study provides a comprehensive phytochemical framework for understanding specialized metabolite mobilization in resinous wood and establishes an efficient metabolomic workflow for the quality evaluation and sustainable utilization of woody medicinal resources.