[Actinomycosis after renal transplantation: apropos of 1 case and review of the literature].

Actinomycosis is a suppurative infection usually due to a facultative anaerobic bacteria, actinomyces israelii. This rare infection has been reported in immunocompetent individuals, with buccal or pharyngeal mucosal erosions. Paradoxically, few cases have been observed after solid organ transplantation: 2 cases after lung, 1 case after heart-lung transplantation and 1 case after renal transplantation. We report on a renal transplant recipient who developed a tongue and oropharynx suppurative abscess, looking like an epithelioma. Histological examination showed granulomatous inflammation with an angiofibroblastic reaction; few colonies of actinomyces were also observed by the pathologist. This lesion disappeared easily and totally after tetracycline treatment.