HIV combination therapy: immune restitution causing cryptococcal lymphadenitis dramatically improved by anti-inflammatory therapy.

Two patients with AIDS developed microscopically verified focal cryptococcal lymphadenitis while treated with highly active anti-retroviral therapy for 8 and 15 months. Both were treated with fluconazole as a secondary prophylaxis for prior cryptococcal meningitis. Cryptococcus neoformans did not grow. Amphotericin was ineffective. Anti-inflammatory drugs had a dramatic effect.