Acanthamoeba keratitis: Insights into diagnostic challenges and treatment advances.

Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) is a mysterious and dangerous disease that mimics other corneal infections. AK is sight-threatening and a cause of blindness worldwide. Correct and timely diagnosis of this disease plays a decisive role in treating the disease and achieving better visual outcomes. Early diagnosis, however, is challenging due to nonspecific features easily mistaken for other infectious keratitis cases or coinfection keratitis. Currently many methods are used in diagnosis with varied efficacy, but deep learning image analysis is now considered a promising future direction. The efforts of numerous scientists have led to the many medications and procedures in use today. In this review article, we discuss the latest diagnostic and treatment methods for this disease and shed light on existing challenges.