Research progress of DNA methylation in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid carcinoma.

Thyroid cancer is the most prevalent endocrine malignancy, and its timely and accurate diagnostic and prognostic assessments are crucial for enhancing patient survival rates. As an important epigenetic modification, DNA methylation plays a key role in the regulation of gene expression and tumorigenesis. Recent studies increasingly indicate that abnormal DNA methylation patterns are closely associated with the onset and progression of thyroid cancer. This review discusses the role of DNA methylation in diagnosing thyroid adenocarcinoma, its impact on prognosis, and its potential utility in cancer immunotherapy. Additionally, it explores the prospect of using DNA methylation as a biomarker and highlights its significant potential in the personalized treatment of thyroid cancer. This article aims to serve as a resource for future research and clinical applications to advance the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer.