Biomarkers and Advanced Imaging of Head Injuries.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common injury with detrimental effects on the patients, families, and on national health care expenditure. Computed tomography (CT) scans are commonly utilized in the emergency room for evaluation of TBI but are not always necessary and can lead to unnecessary radiation exposure and financial expense. In the past decade or so, there has been a surge of research on the efficacy of various biomarkers and imaging techniques to diagnose and manage TBI. The purpose of this article is to provide a review of this literature on biomarkers and advanced imaging techniques for head injuries.