Percutaneous treatment of an intraorbital arteriovenous malformation using a transvenous approach: A case report.

Intraorbital arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are extremely rare, and their actual prevalence is unknown. There is no consensus regarding the best treatment options, and the treatment is usually challenging, involving endovascular and other surgical procedures. Herein, we report the case of a patient diagnosed with an intraorbital AVM, presenting with thrombosis and hemorrhage, with rapidly progressive proptosis, chemosis, ophthalmoparesis, and vision loss. Treatment was performed with a transorbital puncture targeting a venous aneurysm of the superior ophthalmic vein, and closure of the AVM was possible with the use of coils and Onyx. We obtained anatomical occlusion of the lesion, and the patient showed progressive improvement of chemosis, vision acuity, and ophthalmoparesis. At six-month' follow-up, only mild proptosis was noted, and a control digital subtraction angiography confirmed complete closure of the AVM, with no residual lesion. To date, this is the first case of an intraorbital AVM treated with transorbital direct puncture.