A comparative study on the quality of in vivo labeled red blood cell radionuclide ventriculography images employing different freeze-dried reagents.

Radionuclide ventriculography or Multi Gated Acquisition (MUGA) employing [ 99m Tc]Technetium red blood cell (RBC) labeling is considered the gold standard for cardiotoxicity assessments in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This in-vivo RBC labeling technique involves the reduction of [ 99m Tc]Technetium by the stannous chloride present in freeze-dried reagent kits, with the pyrophosphate kit (PYP) being the most employed for this purpose. The literature, however, describes diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) as an alternative to PYP, although a lack of comparative data from MUGA images between both reagents is noted. A retrospective cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Brazilian National Cancer Institute Nuclear Medicine Service concerning 80 randomized MUGA images, 20 obtained employing DTPA between 2020 and 2023 and 60 obtained employing PYP between 2017 and 2020, applying the mean count per pixel (ct/pixel) and heart background (C/F) ratios as quality image indicators. Although the heart ct/pixel ratio was statistically lower in the DTPA images compared with PYP ( P  = 0.02), the C/F ratio was statistically similar when comparing both radiopharmaceuticals ( P  = 0.697). A semi-quantitative analysis of MUGA images obtained with DTPA and PYP indicates similar image quality, supporting the use of DTPA as an alternative to PYP without compromising diagnostic interpretations.