Congenital Diaphragmatic Eventration in an Infant: Diagnostic Pitfalls and Successful Surgical Management.

Congenital diaphragmatic eventration (CDE) is a rare condition characterized by abnormal elevation of an intact but thinned diaphragm. Severe cases may mimic congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), leading to respiratory distress in infants. We report the case of a nine-month-old male baby presenting with chronic chest retractions and feeding difficulties, who developed acute respiratory distress initially misdiagnosed as right-sided CDH with pneumonia. Frontal chest radiography suggested herniation, but lateral imaging and surgical findings confirmed right-sided CDE. The patient underwent diaphragmatic plication via a right thoracotomy. Postoperative management, including ventilatory support, led to complete resolution of symptoms and full recovery. This case highlights the importance of accurate imaging, correct diagnosis, and timely surgical intervention.