Journal of integrative medicine · 2026
Anxiolytic, anti-depressive and cognition-enhancing effects of total saponins from lily bulbs in ovariectomized mice: A potential therapy for menopause-associated emotional disorders.
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Zhou Xi-Dan, Qin Zong-Shi, Shi Dong-Dong, Chiang Chun-Yuan, Zhang Zhang-Jin
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Lily bulb, derived from the root of Lilium lancifolium Thunb. (Liliaceae), is a commonly used medicinal material and dietary supplement for climacteric syndrome. This study investigated the effects of total saponins from lily bulbs (TSLB), one of the main biologically active ingredients, on cognitive and mood disorders during menopause, as well as the underlying mechanisms of these effects.
METHODS: C57BL/6N mice underwent either ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery. After a recovery period of 2 weeks, these mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for the subsequent 2 weeks, followed by multiple behavioral tests. Immediately after OVX, TSLB were administered at doses of 12, 24 and 48 mg/(kg∙d) by oral gavage for 36 d. Western blotting was used to assess the effects of TSLB on neurotransmitter modulators, neurotrophins and estrogen receptors (ERs).
RESULTS: At the dose of 24 mg/(kg∙d), TSLB exhibited anxiolytic activity evidenced by an increase in the duration in the elevated plus maze test (P = 0.003), antidepressant activity demonstrated by a decrease in immobility time in the tail suspension test (P = 0.047), and cognition-improving activity demonstrated by an increase in time spent in the target zone in the Morris water maze test (P = 0.039). These results were attributed to the predominant activation of ERs through direct binding of TSLB, with a higher affinity to ERβ than to ERα, as well as the regulation of neurotransmitters and neurotrophins in the brain.
CONCLUSION: TSLB alleviated cognitive deficits and anxiety-like and depression-like behavior in OVX mice exposed to CUMS, suggesting the potential of TSLB as a novel treatment for menopause-related neuropsychological disorders. Please cite this article as: Zhou XD, Qin ZS, Shi DD, Chiang CY, Zhang ZJ. Anxiolytic, anti-depressive and cognition-enhancing effects of total saponins from lily bulbs in ovariectomized mice: A potential therapy for menopause-associated emotional disorders. J Integr Med. 2026; 24(3):403-414.
METHODS: C57BL/6N mice underwent either ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery. After a recovery period of 2 weeks, these mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for the subsequent 2 weeks, followed by multiple behavioral tests. Immediately after OVX, TSLB were administered at doses of 12, 24 and 48 mg/(kg∙d) by oral gavage for 36 d. Western blotting was used to assess the effects of TSLB on neurotransmitter modulators, neurotrophins and estrogen receptors (ERs).
RESULTS: At the dose of 24 mg/(kg∙d), TSLB exhibited anxiolytic activity evidenced by an increase in the duration in the elevated plus maze test (P = 0.003), antidepressant activity demonstrated by a decrease in immobility time in the tail suspension test (P = 0.047), and cognition-improving activity demonstrated by an increase in time spent in the target zone in the Morris water maze test (P = 0.039). These results were attributed to the predominant activation of ERs through direct binding of TSLB, with a higher affinity to ERβ than to ERα, as well as the regulation of neurotransmitters and neurotrophins in the brain.
CONCLUSION: TSLB alleviated cognitive deficits and anxiety-like and depression-like behavior in OVX mice exposed to CUMS, suggesting the potential of TSLB as a novel treatment for menopause-related neuropsychological disorders. Please cite this article as: Zhou XD, Qin ZS, Shi DD, Chiang CY, Zhang ZJ. Anxiolytic, anti-depressive and cognition-enhancing effects of total saponins from lily bulbs in ovariectomized mice: A potential therapy for menopause-associated emotional disorders. J Integr Med. 2026; 24(3):403-414.