Efficacy of albaconazole (UR-9825) in treatment of disseminated Scedosporium prolificans infection in rabbits.

There are no effective therapeutics for treating invasive Scedosporium prolificans infections. Doses of 15, 25, and 50 mg/kg of body weight/day for the new triazole albaconazole (ABC) were evaluated in an immunocompetent rabbit model of systemic infection with this mold. Treatments were begun 1 day after challenge and given for 10 days. ABC at any dose was more effective than amphotericin B (AMB) at 0.8 mg/kg/day at clearing S. prolificans from tissue (P < 0.007). The percentages of survival at 25 mg of ABC/kg/day were similar to those obtained with AMB. Rabbits showed 100% survival when they were treated with 50 mg of ABC per kg (P < 0.0001 versus control group), and only this dosage was able to reduce tissue burden significantly in the five organs studied, i.e., spleen, kidneys, liver, lungs, and brain.