Effect of Prolonged Ovarian Stimulation (24 and 48 Hours) Compared to Conventional Duration on IVF/ICSI Outcomes: A Single-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial : Effect of Prolonged Ovarian Stimulation on IVF/ICSI.

BACKGROUND

Background

Infertility is a global public health concern, and controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) plays a crucial role in assisted reproductive technologies (ART) by facilitating the retrieval of multiple oocytes. This single-blind randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate whether extending the duration of COS by 24 and 48 hours beyond the conventional protocol would affect pregnancy rates in couples undergoing IVF/ICSI.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Materials and

Methods

Ninety patients were randomized into three groups: control (GC), 24-hours longer (G24), and 48-hours longer (G48), using block randomization. The GC group followed the standard COS protocol, while G24 and G48 received extended COS for their respective durations. Primary outcomes included imaging-proven pregnancy at six weeks gestation, chemical pregnancy, and clinical pregnancy post-embryo transfer. Secondary outcomes included follicle, oocyte, and embryo counts.

RESULTS

Results

Baseline characteristics were comparable across groups. Antral follicle count (AFC) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels were positively correlated with pregnancy outcomes. Significant associations were observed between AFC/AMH and follicle/oocyte/embryo counts. Although embryo counts varied among groups, no significant differences in primary or secondary outcomes were found. A trend towards improved outcomes was noted from GC to G48, but without statistical significance.

CONCLUSION

Conclusion

The study did not find significant differences in pregnancy rates or other outcomes with prolonged COS durations compared to conventional protocols. However, the results suggest a need for further research to explore the effects of extended COS in specific patient subsets, as existing literature indicates potential benefits.