Journal of personality · 2025
Neuroticism, Internalizing Psychopathology, and Affective Reactions to Thought Content in Daily Life.
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Cowan Henry R, Wright Aidan G C, Pedersen Sarah L, Mukherjee Dahlia, Lazarus Sophie, Fournier Jay C
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: This study examined affective reactions to thought content (TC) in daily life and the influence of neuroticism and internalizing symptoms.
METHODS: Community young adults (N = 119; n = 80 with elevated depression/anxiety) completed assessments of neuroticism, internalizing symptoms, and daily diary measures of TC and positive/negative affect for seven consecutive days (N = 758 observations). Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) examined the structure of TC. Multilevel models examined TC-affect relationships and moderation by neuroticism and internalizing symptoms.
RESULTS: MCFA found two TC factors: internal-past (problems, emotions, the past) and external-present (external events, others, the present). Internal-past TC uniquely related to lower positive and higher negative affect within and between persons. External-present TC uniquely related to higher positive affect within and between persons. Neuroticism and internalizing related to higher negative and lower positive affect, but neither variable significantly moderated TC-affect relationships. Neuroticism had incremental effects over and above internalizing. At the facet level, self-consciousness uniquely predicted lower positive affect, and angry hostility uniquely predicted higher negative affect.
DISCUSSION: TC meaningfully relates to emotion in daily life. Neuroticism and internalizing predicted overall experience of positive/negative emotion, not affective reactions to specific TC. Within-persons, neuroticism and internalizing were differentiated by the incremental effect of neuroticism and the specific effects of neuroticism facets. Theoretical, methodological, and clinical implications are discussed.
METHODS: Community young adults (N = 119; n = 80 with elevated depression/anxiety) completed assessments of neuroticism, internalizing symptoms, and daily diary measures of TC and positive/negative affect for seven consecutive days (N = 758 observations). Multilevel confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) examined the structure of TC. Multilevel models examined TC-affect relationships and moderation by neuroticism and internalizing symptoms.
RESULTS: MCFA found two TC factors: internal-past (problems, emotions, the past) and external-present (external events, others, the present). Internal-past TC uniquely related to lower positive and higher negative affect within and between persons. External-present TC uniquely related to higher positive affect within and between persons. Neuroticism and internalizing related to higher negative and lower positive affect, but neither variable significantly moderated TC-affect relationships. Neuroticism had incremental effects over and above internalizing. At the facet level, self-consciousness uniquely predicted lower positive affect, and angry hostility uniquely predicted higher negative affect.
DISCUSSION: TC meaningfully relates to emotion in daily life. Neuroticism and internalizing predicted overall experience of positive/negative emotion, not affective reactions to specific TC. Within-persons, neuroticism and internalizing were differentiated by the incremental effect of neuroticism and the specific effects of neuroticism facets. Theoretical, methodological, and clinical implications are discussed.