Exploring the Relevance of S100A8 and S100A9 Proteins in Preeclampsia: A Narrative Review.

Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication that may threaten the health of pregnant women and their fetuses. Intrauterine growth restriction is the most serious complication in fetal development observed in preeclampsia. In their later years, women with preeclampsia are at risk of cardiovascular disease. The use of multiple biomarkers can usually improve diagnostic performance. Currently, S100A8 and S100A9 are gaining increased attention as inflammatory markers of preeclampsia. Our review aims to present an integrated view of the potential role of S100A8/A9 in the physiopathology of preeclampsia. We also explored the potential role as biomarker or in targeted treatment. At the moment, there is no efficient treatment for PE other than birth. Understanding the pathological mechanisms and the importance of calprotectin can shape a new strategy for large-scale approaches to change diagnostic and therapeutic management. The value of the calcium binding proteins S100A8/A9 as a potential prognostic biomarker in placental disfunctions based on malperfusion has not yet been investigated. Encouraging results have been obtained in experimental and clinical interventional studies with S100A8/A9 blockers as a form of therapeutic management for autoimmune disease and cancer. It may also be limited because of safety issues for the fetus. However, future investigations can emerge.