Dynamics in International Sign Language conference interpreting.

This study examines the experiences of deaf interpreters (DIs), nondeaf interpreters (n-DIs), and deaf conference attendees in International Sign Language (IntSL) conference interpreting contexts. Drawing on ethnographic observations and semi-structured interviews at major international conferences, it examines teamwork, technology use, and professional role negotiation. Reflexive thematic analysis identified 6 themes: teamwork and collaboration, working conditions and logistics, technology and access tools, representation, equity and identity, audience participation and accessibility, and professional development. Findings reveal persistent tensions around power dynamics in mixed DI/n-DI teams, captioning delays, unequal workload distribution, and the continued marginalization of DIs despite formal recognition. The study argues that IntSL conference interpreting highlights broader challenges, particularly in hybrid and remote settings. It calls for understanding interpreting as a shared process shaped by teamwork, access to information, and the use of technology with implications for practice and training.