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Войти в исследования Consortium psychiatricum · 2026
Prenatal Ultrasound-Detected Structural Anomalies Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Narrative Review.
СтатьяОбзорНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Khamenehei Nazyar, Tokarskaya Lyudmila
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with a globally increasing prevalence. Early detection is crucial for effective intervention, yet current diagnostic methods often result in delays. Emerging research suggests that prenatal biomarkers, including structural anomalies detectable via ultrasound, may offer opportunities for earlier identification.
AIM: To synthesize current evidence on prenatal ultrasound-detectable anomalies associated with ASD and assess their potential as early predictors.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2007 and 2025. Keywords included "autism spectrum disorder", "prenatal ultrasound", "fetal anomalies", "preeclampsia", "neurodevelopment" and "biomarkers". Priority was given to recent and high-quality studies, including systematic reviews and large cohort analyses. The selected articles were read in full, and their key findings were summarized in a narrative form. The synthesis focused on describing the scope of the existing evidence, the prenatal ultrasound findings reported in relation to ASD, and on highlighting recurrent patterns or notable differences between studies.
RESULTS: Several studies report associations between ASD and prenatal anomalies such as ventriculomegaly, increased biparietal diameter, hyperechogenic kidneys, and congenital heart defects. However, these findings are not specific to ASD and show inconsistent predictive performance. Sensitivity and specificity vary widely across studies, and ethical concerns about overdiagnosis and disparities in access to care persist.
CONCLUSION: Prenatal ultrasound may contribute to early ASD risk identification but lacks the accuracy required for standalone diagnosis. Integrating ultrasound findings with genetic and postnatal data, along with standardized protocols and further research, is essential to improve its predictive value and clinical application.
AIM: To synthesize current evidence on prenatal ultrasound-detectable anomalies associated with ASD and assess their potential as early predictors.
METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2007 and 2025. Keywords included "autism spectrum disorder", "prenatal ultrasound", "fetal anomalies", "preeclampsia", "neurodevelopment" and "biomarkers". Priority was given to recent and high-quality studies, including systematic reviews and large cohort analyses. The selected articles were read in full, and their key findings were summarized in a narrative form. The synthesis focused on describing the scope of the existing evidence, the prenatal ultrasound findings reported in relation to ASD, and on highlighting recurrent patterns or notable differences between studies.
RESULTS: Several studies report associations between ASD and prenatal anomalies such as ventriculomegaly, increased biparietal diameter, hyperechogenic kidneys, and congenital heart defects. However, these findings are not specific to ASD and show inconsistent predictive performance. Sensitivity and specificity vary widely across studies, and ethical concerns about overdiagnosis and disparities in access to care persist.
CONCLUSION: Prenatal ultrasound may contribute to early ASD risk identification but lacks the accuracy required for standalone diagnosis. Integrating ultrasound findings with genetic and postnatal data, along with standardized protocols and further research, is essential to improve its predictive value and clinical application.