Successful bailout stenting for critical aortic coarctation in a premature baby weighing 590 g.

Severe aortic coarctation (CoA) is a critical congenital heart disease that requires surgery as the first-line treatment in neonates. However, in very small premature infants, aortic arch repair has a relatively high mortality and morbidity rate. Bailout stenting is an alternative method that can be performed safely and effectively with low morbidity.We present a case of severe CoA in a premature baby, a monochorionic twin with selective intrauterine growth restriction. The patient was born at 31 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 570 g. Seven days following her birth, she experienced anuria due to critical neonatal isthmic CoA. She underwent a stent implantation procedure at term neonatal, weighing 590 g. She had good dilatation of the coarcted segment with no complications. Follow-up at infancy showed no CoA recurrence. This is the world's smallest case of stenting for CoA.