Adult Female Acne: Managing the Hormones.

Acne is a common inflammatory condition of the skin worldwide. The skin is an endocrine organ and hormones are a key pathogenic factor in all types of acne with a particularly important role in adult female acne pathogenesis and management. In females, we have the unique opportunity to manipulate hormones systemically to successfully manage acne and, more recently with the approval of clascoterone 1% cream, we can target the hormones topically in both genders. The intent of this paper is to provide physicians with an up-to-date clinically relevant review of the role of hormones in acne, the impact of currently available contraceptives and therapies available to target hormones in acne.