The Year in Review: Anesthesia for Congenital Heart Disease 2025.

This review highlights the published literature in 2025 that pertains to the anesthetic management of patients with congenital heart disease. Four major themes are discussed: (i) anesthesia for adults with congenital heart disease (ii) perioperative blood management and cardiopulmonary bypass-associated decision-making (iii) enhanced recovery after cardiac surgery and (iv) noncardiac procedural safety and workforce sustainability.