Journal of business ethics : JBE · 2019
Historicizing Modern Slavery: Free-Grown Sugar as an Ethics-Driven Market Category in Nineteenth-Century Britain.
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Papantoniou Kyriaki, Espinosa Ana, Karachaliou Marianna, Lassale Camille, Castaño-Vinyals Gemma, Harding Barbara N, De Matteis Sara, Straif Kurt, Alonso-Nogués Eva, Dobaño Carlota, Moncunill Gemma, Blay Natalia, Iraola-Guzmán Susana, de Cid Rafael, Garcia-Aymerich Judith, Kogevinas Manolis
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Circadian and sleep disruption may increase the risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections, but the role of night shift work and disturbed sleep in the development of long-COVID remains inadequately investigated. We prospectively examined the association of night work and sleep disturbances with risk of long-COVID.
METHODS: We followed participants of the COVICAT study, a population-based cohort of adults in Catalonia, Spain between 2021 and 2023. Night shift work and sleep characteristics were assessed in 2021. Long-COVID was defined as the report of persistent symptoms (>3 months) after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Poisson regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent and joint effects of night shift work and sleep disturbances including chronic insomnia with risk of long-COVID. Analyses were stratified by sex, body mass index and chronotype.
RESULTS: During the two-year follow-up, 284 of the 1899 newly infected participants reported long-COVID symptoms. Compared to day workers, night shift workers had 88% higher risk of developing long-COVID [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-2.72], after adjusting for potential confounders. The risk further increased among night workers with obesity. Chronic insomnia in the general population was associated with 42% increased risk of long-COVID (95% CI 1.12-1.78). Night workers with chronic insomnia had a 2.7 fold higher long-COVID risk (95% CI 1.60-4.51) compared to day workers without chronic insomnia. Associations persisted in various sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings from a large prospective cohort indicate that night shift work and poor sleep are independently and jointly associated with a higher risk of long-COVID.
METHODS: We followed participants of the COVICAT study, a population-based cohort of adults in Catalonia, Spain between 2021 and 2023. Night shift work and sleep characteristics were assessed in 2021. Long-COVID was defined as the report of persistent symptoms (>3 months) after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Poisson regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent and joint effects of night shift work and sleep disturbances including chronic insomnia with risk of long-COVID. Analyses were stratified by sex, body mass index and chronotype.
RESULTS: During the two-year follow-up, 284 of the 1899 newly infected participants reported long-COVID symptoms. Compared to day workers, night shift workers had 88% higher risk of developing long-COVID [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-2.72], after adjusting for potential confounders. The risk further increased among night workers with obesity. Chronic insomnia in the general population was associated with 42% increased risk of long-COVID (95% CI 1.12-1.78). Night workers with chronic insomnia had a 2.7 fold higher long-COVID risk (95% CI 1.60-4.51) compared to day workers without chronic insomnia. Associations persisted in various sensitivity analyses.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings from a large prospective cohort indicate that night shift work and poor sleep are independently and jointly associated with a higher risk of long-COVID.