Post-discharge feeding problems and associated factors in children undergoing congenital heart surgery: A descriptive cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Feeding difficulties are common after congenital heart surgery and may affect growth, development, and caregiver well-being. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and types of post-discharge feeding difficulties and examine associated medical, demographic, and socioeconomic factors.

MATERIAL AND

METHODS

This descriptive cross-sectional study included 177 children. The study involved children with CHD followed at a pediatric cardiovascular surgery clinic, who underwent surgery within the first two years of life and were 6-60 months postoperatively; data were collected between April-May 2025. Data were collected from caregivers via telephone using a validated Patient Information and Follow-up Form. Statistical analyses included chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression to identify predictors of post-discharge feeding problems.

RESULTS

Post-discharge feeding difficulties were reported in 70.1% of participants. The most frequent problems included inadequate weight gain (45.8%), food refusal (31.6%), and fatigue during feeding (28.8%). Multivariate regression identified lower paternal education (OR = 6.32), postoperative complications (OR = 6.14), mixed feeding (OR = 7.60), and difficulties during complementary feeding (OR = 0.014) as significant predictors. Protective factors included obstructive-type heart defects (OR = 0.05) and higher family income (OR = 0.084). Only 0.6% of families received professional feeding support.

CONCLUSION

Post-discharge feeding problems are common in children after congenital heart surgery and are associated with clinical and socioeconomic factors. Structured discharge planning, early risk identification, and multidisciplinary follow-up are essential to improve nutritional outcomes.

IMPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE: Routine feeding assessment and caregiver education should be included in discharge planning. Early identification of high-risk families and multidisciplinary follow-up may help prevent feeding problems and support recovery.