Surgical treatment of a giant external-iliac-vein aneurysm in a patient with a post-traumatic femoral arteriovenous fistula.

Iliac vein aneurysm is a rare vascular abnormality. It has been reported as a primary aneurysm of unknown cause, or, when a cause could be identified, as a secondary iliac vein aneurysm. Occasionally, iliac vein aneurysm develops in association with distal arteriovenous fistula. Although venous aneurysms occur most commonly in the neck and central thoracic veins, they also have been reported in the visceral veins and the extremities.Herein, we present the case of a 34-year-old man in whom a giant external-iliac-vein aneurysm was incidentally found during the investigation of a post-traumatic femoral arteriovenous fistula. The aneurysm was surgically resected, the iliac vein was reconstructed by means of lateral venorrhaphy, and the patient had an uneventful, complete recovery. We discuss the origin of the aneurysm and our choice of surgical techniques.