Dual-Ring-Locking Strategy Enables Persistent Blue Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Benzo[b]phospholiums.

Commercial phosphines and phosphoniums were commonly reported to have unstable triplet dissipation because of the flexible C-P pyramidal geometry, resulting in extremely weak or no phosphorescence. To boost triplet populations and stability by restricting the molecular motion and rebuilding the electronic structures, we reported that the dual-ring-locking strategy could enable elevated intersystem crossing (ISC) and triplet radiation for the rigid benzo[b]phospholium configuration, exhibiting intense persistent room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Among them, dual-ring-locked [P1]+[Cl]- showed near-ultraviolet fluorescence maximized at 400 nm in dichloromethane and blue RTP emission at 453 nm (Φphos ≈ 12.4%, τphos > 1200 ms) in the PVA matrix. In contrast, [P2]+[Cl]- possessed a single ring-locked nucleus that had red-shifted emission and weak phosphorescence (Φphos < 1.8%, τphos = 74.2 ms). Time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) disclosed that the improved spin-flipping of phosphoniums benefited from the integrated π-π*/n-π* transition, rational split energy, and rigid excited states. The impressive OU-RTP duration could function as an afterglow pattern for optical encryption or as an emitting layer for light-emitting diode (LED) applications.